There is a great technical interest in solid-liquid equilibrium (SLE) of binary fatty acids. Mainly, these substances are used for the design, development, and operation of many industrial processes because of their application in many manufacturing fields such as the cosmetic, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. In this study, a technique is proposed for binary fatty acid mixtures to estimate the melting temperatures as a function of mole fraction in the solid-liquid phase equilibrium. Derivation of the Wilson model was developed to predict the melting temperatures and latent heat to achieve eutectic points of capric acid, undecylic acid, pentadecylic acid, and margaric acid binary mixtures. The results showed that in the all binary mixtures, the eutectic point is near to a lighter compound except capric+undecylic acid because of the lower melting temperature of undecylic acid compared to capric acid. Comparison of experimental and thermodynamic studies revealed the low deviations between measured and calculated values obtained in this study.

Pure and eutectic mixtures of fatty acids are desirable Phase Change Materials (PCMs) for low/medium Thermal Energy Storage (TES) applications because of their high density of energy storage, biodegradability, sustainability, and compatibility with existing systems. In the current study, thermodynamics and the experimental standpoint of phase equilibrium for 10 ternary mixtures of fatty acids were considered. In this regard, an approach based on the Wilson model was developed to predict the melting temperature of fatty acids to predict the eutectic points of ternary mixtures including Capric acid, Undecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, Margaric and Stearic acid. It indicated that the eutectic points were close to the melting temperature of lower density compounds and for Capric+Undecanoic+Pentadecanoic the melting point has the minimum values among the other nine mixtures and equals 281.0 °C. A comparison of the derivate activity model with the experimental data represented deviations of less than 1% between experimental and predicted values.

Hot potassium carbonate (PC) solution in comparison with amine solution had a decreased energy of regeneration and a high chemical solubility of CO2. To present vapor and liquid equation (VLE) of this system and predict CO2 solubility, the ion specific non-electrolyte Wilson-NRF local composition model (isNWN) was used in this study; the framework of this model was molecular. Therefore, it was suitable for both electrolyte and non-electrolyte solutions. The present research employed the NWN model and the Pitzer-Debye-Hü ckel theory in order to assess the contribution of the excess Gibbs energy of electrolyte solutions in a short and long range. The data of CO2 solubility in water and the system of aqueous K2CO3 were correlated in the model considering a temperature range of 10 − 170 ○ C and a pressure range of and 0. 5 − 141. 1 bar. The average absolute error of (CO2 − H2O) and (CO2 − H2O − K2CO3) systems were 4. 2% and 11. 41% respectively. The results and comparisons with other models proved that the experimental data were exactly correlated in the model.

Introduction: Wilson disease (WD),which is characterized by chronic hepatic inflammation and central nervous system (CNS) disorder, is caused by various mutations on ATP7B .This genetic disorder induces abnormal copper metabolism and its deposition in multiple organs. Considering the increasing role of molecular biology in the diagnosis of WD, mapping the whole mutations of ATP7B is mandatory. Methods: In search for the mutation pattern of ATP7B in Iran for the first time, 30 patients were selected depending on known clinical and para-clinical criteria. Their DNA was extracted and sent for the laboratory study. Results: The patients with a mean age of 16 years old were suffering from hepatic (90%) and CNS (50%) symptoms. The mutation profile in Iranian people was completely different from European population and some new mutations were reported (e.g. (1232)3696 Del; 51392). Discussion: With respect to the wide geographic variation in mutations of ATP7B, using genetic probes for diagnosis and screening of WD is not convenient. Before the availability of commercial diagnostic tools for this purpose, knowledge of the whole mutation map of ATP7B and its phenotypic correlation is indispensable. During this study we found and reported new mutations of ATP7B.

A 15-year-old boy was diagnosed with Wilson disease and referred to a physiotherapy clinic for treatment. He received daily physical therapy exercises with resistance training three times a week for 70 minutes for 8 weeks. The performance of daily activities was evaluated using the Persian version of the disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) questionnaire. Upper limb muscle strength was assessed using a manual muscle strength test. The DASH questionnaire score decreased from 67. 24 before treatment to 46. 55 after 4 weeks and 36. 20 after 8 weeks. In addition, shoulder flexion and extension are improved. The analysis of resistance exercises to facilitate distal muscles through the use of manual muscle tests showed an improvement in the strength of both hands. The present study suggests that regular physical therapy and exercise may help improve daily activity and muscle strength in Wilson disease.

Objective: Wilson disease (WD) is an inherited copper metabolism dysfunction disease characterized by cirrhosis and CNS findings. Wilson disease is important because it is fatal not recognized and treated. Our Goa of study is to investigate the clinical signs and symptoms, lab results and other relevant matters in our patients in order to obtain a better understanding of this potentially lethal disease in our country.Materials & Methods: We have evaluated 21 cases of children with Wilson disease who were referred to Loghman and Imam Hussein Hospital between years 1998-2005. The mean age of our patients was 9 years.Results: The presenting symptom was ascites and extremity edema in 6(28.5%) patients, behavioral changes or neurological signs in 5(24%) simultaneous Ascites and icter in 9(43%) patients and in one patient the presenting manifestation was hemolytic anemia (4.8%). One of our patients died because of fulminant hepatitis in the course of admission (4.8%).Conclusion: We showed in this study that Wilson disease can be presented by a manifold symptom in children and adolescence. Having a good concept of these symptoms in high clinical suspicious are required to diagnose this potentially lethal disease at the proper time in order to decrease the potential adverse effects of the disease especially the neuropsychiatric damages significantly.